Matthew 12:41-42

“The men of Nineveh will rise up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and behold, something greater than Jonah is here. The queen of the South will rise up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, something greater than Solomon is here.” (Matthew‬ ‭12‬:‭41‬-‭42‬)

A few verses before these, Jesus called his audience “an evil and adulterous generation.” What pushed Jesus to use such strong language? The people’s refusal to believe in him, both out of indifference and rebellion.

Signalling their guilt for refusing him, Jesus mentions two Old Testament stories. He said Ninevites, who repented at the preaching of Jonah, and the Queen of the South, who sought out the wisdom of Solomon, would condemn his contemporaries during the day of judgment.

His point in using these illustrations was to contrast the positive gentile responses to God’s lesser servants with his audience’s refusal to believe in him. Think about the contrast: The Ninevites repented as a result of the preaching of Jonah, a reluctant, even rebellious, prophet. The Queen of Sheba travelled a long distance (scholars suggest she was from Ethiopia or Yemen) to hear the wisdom of Solomon, the wisest man who became a great fool. Yet Jesus, the promised Messiah and God in the flesh, doing miracles in their presence, was rejected.

I imagine the day of judgment will be powerful when people are reminded of their hardness of heart that caused them to dismiss one greater than Jonah and Solomon. This causes me to think about my own generation’s hardness of heart. In our day, we have God’s complete revelation in the Bible and mountains of corroborating evidence, yet the majority of our generation is indifferent, at best. What will judgment day look like for this generation?

My heavens, how often am I indifferent? While I don’t believe Christians will be judged in the same way as unbelievers, simply recognizing similarities between them and me should motivate me to be more faithful and responsive to God’s word.

Father, please forgive me for my own indifference. Please use Jesus’ words to motivate me toward greater responsiveness toward you. Amen.

Matthew 11:21

“Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. But I tell you, it will be more bearable on the day of judgment for Tyre and Sidon than for you.” (‭‭Matthew‬ ‭11‬:‭21-22‬)

This verse is rich. I see a few things here. First, Jesus is addressing Chorazin and Bethsaida, two points of the “evangelical triangle.” (The third point is Capernaum, which is addressed in the next verse.) These cities are labeled such because the bulk of Jesus’ and the disciples’ work was done among them. Jesus’ Galilean HQ was Capernaum. Bethsaida was the hometown of Peter, Andrew, and Phillip. That Chorazine and Bethsaida are being called out like this indicates a significant lack of response. In other words, not everyone will believe. And in certain cases, a lot of Gospel presence still does not change the hardness of heart.

Second, we can see a principle mentioned in Luke 12:48, “To whom much is given, much will be required.” I see this in the comparison of the judgment for Chorazine and Bethsaida versus Tyre and Sidon. Tyre and Sidon were known for their pride (Ezekiel 28), Ba’al worship, and minimal gospel presence. Yet, Jesus says they would have repented had they had the gospel presence that Chorazin and Bethsaida had. While all sinners stand guilty before a holy God, it appears there will be varying levels or degrees of punishment.

Father, forgive me for so much indifference to what you have blessed me with. You have given me free access to your word and good Bible teachers. Yet, at times – far too often! – I have an indifferent spirit about walking in the Spirit or helping others know Christ. Please revive my heart. Amen.

Matthew 10:14-15

“And if anyone will not receive you or listen to your words, shake off the dust from your feet when you leave that house or town. Truly, I say to you, it will be more bearable on the day of judgment for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah than for that town.” (Matthew‬ ‭10‬:‭14‬-‭15‬)

Here, Jesus is sending his disciples out to the lost sheep of the house of Israel (6), proclaiming “The Kingdom of Heaven is at hand” (7). Today’s verses are a) Jesus’ instructions for how to symbolically reject anyone who is not receptive to the disciples or their message, and b) the judgment that awaits those who reject the disciples and their message.

First, the disciples are to shake the dust from their feet as they leave the rejecting home. Luke (9:5) adds that this is a testimony against them. Paul and Barnabas repeated this practice in Pisidian Antioch (13:51). It seems this practice is a means of visibly saying, “I have done what I can. I bear no responsibility for you.”

Second, the judgment that awaits those who reject is ominous. Jesus clearly indicates that a) there will be a day of judgment, and b) that real judgment will be applied to those who reject the disciples’ message.

Unfortunately, there is a growing effort, even among evangelicals, in our day to minimize or reduce the severity of this judgment. Jesus’ warning is not hyperbolic or exaggerated. Even though Mark and Luke do not include the warning of Sodom and Gomorrah in their retelling of Jesus’ commissioning of the disciples, Peter references the destruction of the twin cities in his epistle: “if by turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah to ashes he condemned them to extinction, making them an example of what is going to happen to the ungodly;” (‭‭2 Peter‬ ‭2‬:‭6‬). So did Jude: “just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, which likewise indulged in sexual immorality and pursued unnatural desire, serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire.” (‭‭Jude‬ ‭1‬:‭7‬)

Today’s verses should give me pause. I need to reconsider how I think about the lost. Do I share the concern of Jesus, Peter, and Jude? Or, do I dismiss the judgment to come as hyperbole or as “their problem, not mine”?

Father, help me to share Jesus’ heart for the lost. Help me to be more burdened for those who are walking (even running!) toward judgment. Please forgive me for my apathy. Amen.

Matthew 9:36-38

“When he saw the crowds, he had compassion for them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd. Then he said to his disciples, ‘The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few; therefore pray earnestly to the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest.’” (Matthew‬ ‭9‬:‭36‬-‭38‬)

Here, we see the heart of Jesus followed by his worldview. First, his heart: “He had compassion for them.” Notice that Jesus didn’t notice that the people were “like sheep without a shepherd,” then walked away saying, “Those poor people, I pity them.” Never in Scripture do we see the phrase “Jesus/He had compassion on them” followed by indifference. As is demonstrated here, Jesus always engaged with the situation.

In this case, Jesus relies on his worldview to engage the people. His worldview is that his father (Lord of the harvest) is involved in the earth. These people, for whom he had compassion, were like sheep without a shepherd. They wandered without guidance. Jesus said we ought to pray for God’s involvement, asking him to send shepherds for these people.

Jesus used an agricultural analogy to describe the crowds of people flocking to him as he proclaimed the gospel of the kingdom (9:35). He likened these people to fields ready to be harvested. They needed laborers who would come “harvest” them.

In such situations, we tend to think of sending someone (an individual) to meet the need. Thus, churches may get excited about a missionary going to X country. But Jesus’ desire was for God to start a movement by sending a multitude of laborers into the fields where the harvest was plentiful, but the laborers were few. And such a movement requires the Father’s involvement. In tandem with lifting a finger toward the harvest myself, have I cried to the Father to send laborers into the fields?

Father, forgive me for not having compassion on the multitudes who are like sheep without a shepherd. Forgive me for being satisfied that a laborer here, or there, is going into the field as if the need is small. Forgive me for not begging you to send laborers, as if we can get this done without you. Please send laborers into the fields. And, help me, at the same time, to do my part in the harvest. Amen.

Matthew 8:11

“I tell you, many will come from east and west and recline at table with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven,” (Matthew‬ ‭8‬:‭11‬)

Jesus spoke these words to a gentile who had demonstrated faith toward him. And he wasn’t a random gentile, he was a Roman Centurion. Jesus seems to be telling this gentile and any onlookers that one day there will be unity between Jew and Gentile. This is a really big deal both then and now. So big that one must wonder, “How could that be?” Since Jesus was expanding on his compliment to the centurian’s faith, we can conclude that faith will be the catalyst for this unity.

Paul provides us with an explanation in his letter to the Ephesians:

“But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far off (Gentiles) have been brought near by the blood of Christ. For he himself is our peace, who has made us both (Jew and Gentile) one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility by abolishing the law of commandments expressed in ordinances, that he might create in himself one new man (Jew and Gentle together) in place of the two, so making peace, and might reconcile us both (Jew and Gentile) to God in one body (the church) through the cross, thereby killing the hostility.” (Ephesians‬ ‭2‬:‭13‬-‭16‬, emphasis and explanation added)

“This mystery (of the church) is that the Gentiles are fellow heirs, members of the same body, and partakers of the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel. ‭‭(Ephesians‬ ‭3‬:‭6‬, emphasis and explanation added)

In those verses, Paul explains that God has created a mysterious body in which Jews and Gentiles are both equal members and unified. He also explains that entry to this body is in Christ Jesus through the gospel. We call this the church, the earthly body of Christ.

One must ask if we see such a display of equality and unity in churches today. My observation, based on decades of experience in local congregations in Jewish majority and Gentile majority contexts, is that we are not there yet. Not hardly. Is there an isolated example of equality and unity in a particular local congregation? Sure. But that is almost as rare as spotting a unicorn.

I can not solve that problem here. But I can remind myself that Jesus and Paul both spoke of a day when both would recline together, and not begrudgingly. I want to see that day. I know the answer is Christ, but how do I help Jews see the beauty of Christ despite the history of hardship heaped on the Jews in the name of Jesus? How do I help Gentiles see the welcoming and reconciling heart of Jesus, when they have become convinced that the Jews (or “fake Jews” as many call them) are the primary problem in the world?

Father, we are in a pickle, and seemingly farther than ever from the amazing picture that Jesus and Paul painted. Help me to long for your ideal. Then, help me labor tirelessly to that end. Amen.